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This Is Why Scientists Will Never Exactly Solve General Relativity

“One of the most valuable lessons I ever got in my life came during the first day of my first college math class on differential equations. The professor told us, “Most of the differential equations that exist cannot be solved. And most of the differential equations that can be solved cannot be solved by you.” This is exactly what General Relativity is — a series of coupled differential equations — and the difficulty that it presents to all those who study it.

We cannot even write down the Einstein field equations that describe most spacetimes or most Universes we can imagine. Most of the ones we can write down cannot be solved. And most of the ones that can be solved cannot be solved by me, you, or anyone. But still, we can make approximations that allow us to extract some meaningful predictions and descriptions. In the grand scheme of the cosmos, that’s as close as anyone’s ever gotten to figuring it all out, but there’s still much farther to go. May we never give up until we get there.”

In our best theory of gravity, General Relativity, we can compute to arbitrary accuracy the effects on matter of any spacetime that we can write down. Unfortunately, most of the spacetimes that we can dream up in our head aren’t ones that we can write down, and most of the ones that we can write down can only be solved approximately, not exactly.

This is not a flaw nor a benefit: it is simply a property of the theory that we have. Is it the final answer? Perhaps not. But it’s the best one we’ve got so far. Here’s what it means.

Snakes shed their skin to allow for further growth and to remove parasites that may have attached to their old skin. As a snake grows, its skin becomes stretched. Unlike human skin, a snake’s skin doesn’t grow as the animal grows. Eventually, a snake’s skin reaches a point where further growth is not possible.

When that occurs, a new layer of skin grows underneath the current one. As soon as it is complete, the old skin peels away, leaving behind a snake-shaped shell along with any parasites that may have been attached.

To leave their old skin behind, snakes may go for a swim to allow water to loosen the old skin even further. When they’re ready to shed the old layer, they create a rip in the old skin, usually in the mouth or nose area. They often do this by rubbing against a rough, hard object, such as a rock or a log. (Source)

Some words to use when writing things:

winking

clenching

pulsing

fluttering

contracting

twitching

sucking

quivering

pulsating

throbbing

beating

thumping

thudding

pounding

humming

palpitate

vibrate

grinding

crushing

hammering

lashing

knocking

driving

thrusting

pushing

force

injecting

filling

dilate

stretching

lingering

expanding

bouncing

reaming

elongate

enlarge

unfolding

yielding

sternly

firmly

tightly 

harshly

thoroughly

consistently

precision

accuracy

carefully

demanding

strictly

restriction

meticulously

scrupulously

rigorously

rim

edge

lip

circle

band

encircling

enclosing

surrounding

piercing

curl

lock

twist

coil

spiral

whorl

dip

wet

soak

madly

wildly

noisily

rowdily

rambunctiously

decadent

degenerate

immoral

indulgent

accept

take

invite

nook

indentation

niche

depression

indent

depress

delay

tossing

writhing

flailing

squirming

rolling

wriggling

wiggling

thrashing

struggling

grappling

striving

straining

Healing Spell

Two people I care about very much were in a very bad car accident, the healing process is very slow and painful and expensive… This is a spell to help for a speedy, healthy recovery after an accident or illness, to keep them safe and healthy for the future, and to promote peace to help them get passed this horrible event emotionally. 

Tools:  - Altar dish or bowl  - Pink candle for love and care  - Pink Salt for cleansing, healing, love and care  - Queen of Pentacles to channel maternal care, love, support, compassion, nurturing, security, practicality  Herbs:  - Bay Leaf: healing, protection - Chamomile: Peace, love, healing  - Cilantro: health, love, peace, protection - Cloves: banishing negative forces  - Cramp Bark: healing, female energy (maternal energy for care and nurturing) - Lemon Balm: healing, peace - Lavender: relief from pain, discomfort, and anxiety  - Rosemary: protection, feeling youthful  - Sage: long life, peace  Crystals:  - Amethyst: healing, soothing, peace  - Citrine: happiness, positivity  - Rose Quartz: love, care  - Black Tourmaline: protection 

How To: 

Step 1: 

Place the dish in the center of the altar, fill the base with pink salt to start with a cleansed base and to promote healing, love, and care. Make a small round space in the center and use melted wax to stick the pink candle in the space. 

Like so: 

Step 2: 

Place the herbs around the candle, over the salt. Focus on your intent as you spread the herbs in a circle around the candle. Once that’s done, place the crystals over the herbs. Then place the Queen of Pentacles tarot card under the dish/bowl as a way of charging the spell. 

Light the candle for as long as you would like each night. Every time you light it, imagine the person being their usual happy, healthy, bright personality, loving self. I want them to be ok very badly…  Also huge thank you to @starlesswitchybird for their Inspired Healing post, which was a huge inspiration for this one. I hope you don’t mind the changes to it. 

This week’s readings on science, physics & thinking:

Why Is M-Theory the Leading Candidate for Theory of Everything?, Natalie Wolchover

The Logic Puzzle You Can Only Solve with Your Brightest Friend, Brian Gallagher

A Mathematician Who Decodes the Patterns Stamped Out by Life, Joshua Sokol

On the Tranquility of Mind, Maria Popova

Physics books of 2017, Mike Perricone

How Physicists Recycled WWII Ships and Artillery to Unlock the Mysteries of the Universe , Ryan F. Mandelbaum

DARPA Contest Aims to Take People Underground, Tia Ghose

My Year on “Mars”, Christiane Heinicke

Drake Equation

What do we need to know about to discover life in space? How can we estimate the number of technological civilizations that might exist among the stars? While working as a radio astronomer at the National Radio Astronomy Observatory in Green Bank, West Virginia, Dr. Frank Drake conceived an approach to bound the terms involved in estimating the number of technological civilizations that may exist in our galaxy. The Drake Equation, as it has become known, was first presented by Drake in 1961 and identifies specific factors thought to play a role in the development of such civilizations. Although there is no unique solution to this equation, it is a generally accepted tool used by the scientific community to examine these factors.

N = The number of civilizations in the Milky Way Galaxy whose electromagnetic emissions are detectable.

R∗ = The rate of formation of stars suitable for the development of intelligent life.

fp = The fraction of those stars with planetary systems.

ne = The number of planets, per solar system, with an environment suitable for life.

fl = The fraction of suitable planets on which life actually appears.

fi = The fraction of life bearing planets on which intelligent life emerges.

fc = The fraction of civilizations that develop a technology that releases detectable signs of their existence into space.

L = The length of time such civilizations release detectable signals into space.

Original estimates

R∗ = 1 yr−1 (1 star formed per year, on the average over the life of the galaxy; this was regarded as conservative)

fp = 0.2 to 0.5 (one fifth to one half of all stars formed will have planets)

ne = 1 to 5 (stars with planets will have between 1 and 5 planets capable of developing life)

fl = 1 (100% of these planets will develop life)

fi = 1 (100% of which will develop intelligent life)

fc = 0.1 to 0.2 (10–20% of which will be able to communicate)

L = 1000 to 100,000,000 years (which will last somewhere between 1000 and 100,000,000 years)

Within the limits of our existing technology, any practical search for distant intelligent life must necessarily be a search for some manifestation of a distant technology. In each of its last four decadal reviews, the National Research Council has emphasized the relevance and importance of searching for evidence of the electromagnetic signature of distant civilizations.

Besides illuminating the factors involved in such a search, the Drake Equation is a simple, effective tool for stimulating intellectual curiosity about the universe around us, for helping us to understand that life as we know it is the end product of a natural, cosmic evolution, and for making us realize how much we are a part of that universe. A key goal of the SETI Institute is to further high quality research that will yield additional information related to any of the factors of this fascinating equation. seti.org (read more)

This is my life. “Parents”